Testicular cancer is rare. The authors report the case of a young Senegalese 21, who has consulted for an occlusive syndrome evolving for 48 hours that prompted his hospitalization. Note that the patient has consulted several times to persistent inguinal scrotal pain, a big right purse with chronic analgesic requirements and anti-inflammatory. Occlusive before this table, abdominal pelvic CT was performed and highlighted the presence of lung metastases, a large pelvic lymph node casting bridging the inter vesico-rectal space and responsible for extrinsic compression of the small intestine, lymph node inter casting aorto-cellar and latero aortic liver and multiple secondary locations. Faced with this bundle of arguments, clinical and laboratory, metastatic testicular tumor was raised and measured tumor markers. A right orchiectomy by inguinal was made with histology: A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor stage III. After orchiectomy germinal markers were still high and there was the problem of persistent occlusive syndrome despite resuscitation. A chemotherapy regimen was initiated with 4 cycles of chemotherapy according to the protocol BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin). A significant regression of occlusive syndrome with a decline in clinical symptoms was noted. The revaluation at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year were highlighted: A normal clinical examination associated with a persistent correction rate of germline markers and lack of active lesion at thoraco-abdominopelvic CT.
Testicular cancers are rare [
The authors report the case of a young Senegalese 21 years who consulted urgently for an occlusive syndrome is abdominal pain, vomiting and stopping materials and gas occurred 48 hours before admission to Home emergency department of the hospital. This patient consulted several times for persistent groin pain and a big purse with chronic of painkillers and anti-inflammatories.
On arrival Clinical examination objectified had a patient whose condition was altered. Examination of the abdomen is a diffuse tenderness to palpation with a hypo gastric defense. External genitalia there was a painful swelling, inflammation of the right testicle, stony consistency and rectal presence is noted of a painful mass, dishing farm in the rectum to reduce the anterior rectal light. The remainder of the physical examination was normal.
The blood test preoperative germinal markers showed the following results: AFP greater than 1210 ng/ml (N: 0 - 12); LDH: 4304 IU/l (N: 100 - 200); free hCG: 7939 IU/l (N: less than 5).
Radiography of the abdomen without preparation highlighted many water-scarce hydro levels. Testicular ultrasound highlighted an aspect of suspect heterogeneous testicle and bilateral testicular stones. A thoraco-abdominal-pelvic CT scan, there was the presence of 4 pulmonary nodules consistent with metastases, a bulky pelvic lymph node casting bridging the inter vesico-rectal area and responsible for extrinsic compression of the small intestine, lymph node inter casting aorto-caval and latero aortic and multiple hepatic secondary locations. Given this body of evidence, metastatic testicular tumor was raised (
A right orchiectomy (
After orchiectomy germinal markers were still high on day 7 post-operative AFP > 1200 IU/l HCG: 7939 IU/l LDH: 4304 IU/l. The patient received 4 cycles of chemotherapy according to BEP (Bleomycin 15 mg/m2, etoposide 100 mg/m2 cisplatin 20 mg/ m2) from D1 to D5 as J1 = J21 cycles. Regression markers was noted after 2 courses (AFP: 400 IU/l HCG 3200 IU/l LDH: 2000 IU/l) and a significant regression of occlu-
sive syndrome with lower abdominal pain, stop vomiting a laxation made of a liquid bowel movement every two days. Normalization of markers was noted after 4 treatments. The revaluation BEP after 4 treatments were: A normal clinical examination associated with persistent correction rate of germ line markers and no active lesion in the thoraco-abdominal-pelvic scan.
Non-seminoma testicular germ cell tumors are rare in Africa, where some cases have been reported [
Testicular tumors are four times more common in Caucasians [
Non-seminoma germ cell tumors are characterized by high tissue variability. Indeed 55% of germ cell tumors are Nonseminomatous while 45% are constituted by seminomas [
The circumstances of discovery of non-seminoma germ cell tumors vary but are often common to all testicular tumors. They can range from the palpation of a nodule indurated to the fortuitous discovery of testicular lesion on ultrasound during an infertility evaluation. In the forms with acute necrosis, there is a big aspect of clinical inflammatory hyperalgesia purse with scrotal pain; In the metastatic forms, often rapidly progressive, abdominal pain syndrome may be indicative of a retroperitoneal tumor extension performing a mass palpable on physical examination sometimes associated with dyspnea related lung secondary locations [
The diagnosis is made by elevated tumor markers. They have diagnostic and prognostic value and are important in monitoring [
A semen collection must be systematic for forensic reasons. The orchiectomy and testicular histology confirmed the diagnosis and define the local extension and prognosis. Histological analysis is a fundamental step in terms of the different tumor components and their respective proportions within the lesion. This examination also for the presence of vascular or lymphatic emboli, and the existence of a significant relapse embryonal carcinoma prognostic factor [
More generally, the factors of testicular tumors Risk Factor are polymorphic and classified into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are: Genitourinary abnormalities such as cryptorchidism which is a major factor, less than 12 ml testicular atrophy, subfertility, sexual ambiguity and gonadal dysgenesis or testicular micro stones. Hormonal factors involved are: Intrauterine as maternal hyper-ostéogénie during pregnancy or extrauterine as low androgenic impregnation and the high level of FSH. There is a risk in areas such as agriculture, leather work, or mechanical, painting, mining, plastics and metals, as well as exposure to radiation emitted by radar [
The prognosis of non-seminoma germ cell tumors is determined by the classification according to IGCCCG (International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group). Despite advances in treatment modalities, improving the prognosis still depends on early diagnosis of cancer in a still little advanced stage [
Our patient according to these criteria (including liver extra pulmonary metastases) was rated poor prognosis.
Therapeutically, orchiectomy by inguinal approach is routinely recommended as first line. The orchiectomy should always be performed by ligation with inguinal first vessels [
Stage III with advanced metastases, in case this observation, the standard treatment lies in the combination Bleomycin, Etoposide and Cisplatin in 3 or 4 courses according prognosis group IGCCCG spaced 3 weeks. In terms of the management of residual masses in case of normalization of markers, all supra-centimeter mass must be surgical resection of object 4 to 6 weeks after chemotherapy. All metastatic sites are concerned in the framework of a regional surgery, multidisciplinary at the sacrifice of a neigh- boring organ. The evaluation by computed tomography thoraco abdominal pelvic of this patient has no evidence of secondary locations, or residual masses requiring surgical intervention [
Non-seminoma germ cell tumors are chemo sensitive. This chemo sensitivity has significantly improved the prognosis of the disease through the provision of cisplatin [
Diagne Gueye, N.M., Kane, R., Diallo, Y., Ndiaye, A.R. and Ndiaye, A.R. (2016) Occlusive Syndrome Re- vealing a Nonseminoma Germ Cell Tumor Metastatic Testicular. Open Journal of Uro- logy, 6, 147-153. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oju.2016.69024