Investment of information technology (IT) in the government sector in Indonesia continues to increase every year. However, this increase has not been followed by good governance due to the lack of attention to good IT management. Measurement of IT governance is therefore required as a basis for the continuous improvement of the IT services to government agencies. This study is aimed at producing an application to measure the maturity level of IT governance in government institutions, thus facilitating the process of improvement of IT services. The application developed is based on COBIT 4.1 framework and the design used is Unified Modeling Language. Through stages of information system development, this research results in an application for measuring the maturity level of IT governance that can be used by government agencies in assessing existing IT governance.
Investment in information technology (IT) in the government sector (e-Government) in Indonesia has increased significantly each year. In 2009 fiscal year, the realization of central government spending on IT was IDR 10 trillion or approximately 1.66% of the total Central Government Expenditures in 2009 and it was an increase of 1.27% in the IT Expenditures in 2008 [
The EGDI looks at the most important dimensions of E-government: (i) scope and quality of online services, (ii) telecommunication connectivity, and (iii) human capacity. EDGI indicators are measured by the formula: (0.34 × online service index) + (0.33 × telecommunication index) + (0.33 × human capital index). Scope indicators and quality of online services and human capital index are directly related to the implementation of IT governance in the government sector [
Continuous and institutionalized efforts are needed in each related government agency in the application of IT Governance. For that reason, government agencies need to evaluate the previous IT governance implemented by measuring the maturity level of the IT governance. The government of Indonesia has actually issued the General Guide of IT Governance since 2007, but there is no technical manual on how to run IT governance in operational levels. IT governance should be seen as a cycle that goes on and is able to guarantee the implementation information technology. The goal is to provide assurance that the benefits of IT investments have been made [
There is a technical framework and guide for the implementation of IT governance that is currently used by the business sector to ensure the achievement of the benefits of IT investments [
Therefore, this study has developed an application to measure the maturity level of IT governance in government agencies using COBIT 4.1 framework. This application helps government agencies in conducting self-assessment and determining to what extent the implementation of IT governance has been done. The measurement results illustrate the current state so as to facilitate improvement of IT governance. All sub-processes that exist within the framework of COBIT 4.1 are used and measured based on control objectives that exist in each subprocess. This application facilitates the development of recommendations and improvements on each weak subprocess. This application is designed using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and is built with PHP & MySQL.
IT Governance focuses specifically on information technology systems, their performance and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for the responsibility of information, business processes, applications and infrastructure.
According to Weill and Ross [
COBIT 4.1 is a framework for IT governance consisting of a process collection of IT best practices, which can be implemented at all organizational levels to improve the governance and management of IT. This framework is a comprehensive tool for creating IT governance. COBIT 4.1 provides a best practice reference that covers the entire business process of an organization and exposes it in a logical structure that can be managed and controlled effectively. COBIT 4.1 has 4 main domains that are interrelated, as in
framework for measuring the maturity level of IT governance in this study.
The maturity level of IT governance based on COBIT 4.1 is a scoring method, from 0 to 5 as in
This research is an engineering study, where the end result is an application that is used to measure the maturity level of IT governance. For that purpose, the research method used is based on the phases of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and prototyping approach. The final result is still a prototype continues to be developed in line with the needs of government agencies. The research starts with the analyzing of the needs of the system, and then proceeds with the design and manufacturing system design using UML and the last is the creation of applications using PHP and MySQL tools.
The first phase of testing by the developer uses whitebox Testing approach and on the user side uses Blackbox Testing. The stage of design uses diagrams provided in UML, which is the Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Collaboration Diagram, Component Diagram and Deployment Diagram.
The followings are the results of the research in the form of design and application design using UML and webbased applications which is an application for measuring the maturity level of IT governance in government institutions. The application design shown includes Use Case, Activity and Class Diagrams.
Use Case diagram, as in
The Activity Diagram, as in
• Auditor does Login to the system using Username and Password;
• System does User Verification, if true, then the main menu is displayed;
• Auditor chooses the menu Audit Form Reference;
• Auditor chooses Areas/Domain;
• Auditor inputs Tools;
• Auditor inputs Field Finding;
• Auditor inputs Score;
• System processes scoring;
• When completed, system will do Generate Maturity Level;
• When completed, system will do Generate Diagram;
• System will display Report;
• If the Report needs to be printed, Auditor will do Print Report; and
• When all the processes have been completed, Auditor will do Logout from the system.
This application is an object-oriented information system. Relationships between objects in the system are described using class diagram, as in
• Class Questionare_boundary;
• Class Questionare_controller;
• Class Input_Score_Questionare_controller;
• Class Generate_Maturity_Questionare_controller;
• Class Generate_Diagram_Questionare_controller;
• Class Questionare_entity;
• Class Report_boundary;
• Class Report_controller, and
• Class Report_entity.
The following is the layout of the application for measuring the IT governance maturity level IT on government agencies that builds upon the existing design. After doing login as a user, then the application will appear as in
Furthermore, Auditor fills the data for name (Auditor) and location (auditee), as shown in
Before filling out the form, the auditor needs to read the objective of each sub-process to understand what the focus on each sub-process. Furthermore Auditor will do the assessment based on Control Objective, as shown in
To ease the examination and assessment towards each control objective or the data required by COBIT, there are guides and explanations related to the Control Objectives, Value Drivers, Risk Drivers, Control Practices and
Test the Control Design as shown in
The last stage of this research is to perform tests on a few government agencies in Salatiga. It is based on the RACI chart (Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed) framework based on COBIT 4.1 as shown in Table1 The result obtained in this trial is for the government agency to be able to quickly identify the level of maturity of the IT governance and at the same time the weaknesses. Therefore, this would facilitate the preparation of the recommended improvement. Correspondingly, it would help the government agencies in implementing good IT.
The result of the assessment will look like in
The Scoring is based on the framework used is COBIT 4.1 as in
This research has resulted in an application for measuring IT governance on government agencies by utilizing the COBIT 4.1 framework. This application allows the measurement and self-assessment of the IT governance of relevant government agencies. The sooner a government agency could determine the level of maturity and weaknesses, the sooner the improvement for good IT governance could be applied. Good IT governance will have an impact on the services delivered to the community and in
the government agency itself. Thus the efforts to improve the quality of IT-based services can be directly implicated in the progress of the government agency and the public in general.
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