In the past years, distributed computing is gaining the popularity due to reduction in execution time and low cost involvement. On the basis of this, Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is also increasing worldwide with major advantage that it has no involvement of wire and transfer of data can be done by the virtual paths if the existing path is congested. In the present work, MANET is considered in the form of step topology which consists of heterogeneous collection of the devices. The work demonstrates the resources allocation for execution of tasks and it consists of selection of right path if the link failures and by pass link failures. It also consists of the resource management over the new proposed step topology. Entire work is modeled with the help of well known modeling language known as Unified Modeling Language (UML) and model demonstrates the resources allocation for execution of the tasks.
In the current scenario, many of the computing labs have been shifted from the centralized computing system to distributed computing system due to several advantages of distributed system. In the distributed system, communication among the nodes called as devices is done by the message passing techniques for sharing of resources, data, etc. Let us first describe the research work available on the execution of tasks in the critical section under the distributed system. In the mutual exclusion, if one process is inside the critical section then no other process or task is allowed to use the critical section. The mutual exclusion of tasks in distributed system are well explained in [
Lamport [
In the present work a well known Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used to model the resources allocation and many of the researchers have used this platform independent modeling language for the distributed computing system. First time, performance metrics for distributed and parallel applications using UML profiles has been suggested by Pllana and Fahringer [17,18]. A well known researcher H. Gomma [
In the present work, a UML modeling is used for the resources allocation for the computer systems attached under the distributed environment for the MANET. The systems are arranged by a new kind of topology called as the step topology. Different kinds of the link failures are also observed for the step topology. The different tasks are executed inside the critical section by taking the resources but follow the concept of the mutual exclusion under distributed computing environment. The selection of the path is done with the help of dynamic source routing protocol. UML class and sequence diagrams are also presented for the completion of execution of the process.
Distributed system consists of multiple computers which are interconnected by message passing techniques. Each node connected in the network consists of process and local memory. The message passing technique allows point to point static connection among nodes. Distributed system provides resource sharing, improved performance and reliability and requires low installation cost. Communication is carried out by message passing among nodes are connected through the network. A sample diagram for the distributed network is shown below in
In the above distributed network system, all devices along with resources are attached through the step topology. The devices may be Computer system, laptop, hand_held devices, mobile devices and resources are loaded on computer system.
Under distributed computing system resources can be shared by number of devices attached through the adhoc network represented in form of step topology. When the numbers of systems are connected around the globe then under distributed computing system they can share the resources which are flowing in adhoc network. The category of resources may be file sharing, data sharing, videos sharing, audio sharing etc. In this system if we want to execute the task by taking the device which is allocated at a very far distance then by taking on remote the task can be executed on this device. This is called as the remote access of the devices and sharing of the resources of that device. Under the distributed system the device are shared as represented in the above figure.
From the complete step topology as defined in the [
Dynamic Source Routing is designed for multihop wireless adhoc networks and in this technique sender determines the path from source to destination node. It is used for small distance between 5 - 10 hops, it is also based on link state algorithm as each node is capable to save the best way to reach destination. If any change appears in network topology then flooding occurs in the network which it controlled by DSR by selecting the virtual route
for transferring of the data. The different paths from source (N1) to destination (N5) are shown below in
From the
In this case if the bypass route BY in network fails then A cannot transmit data via link Y and ABYDE route does not come in existence then a virtual by pass link ADE comes in existence and the other route ABCE also comes in existence and then data is transferred to the destination device. This is shown below in the following
From the above Figures 4 and 5, the transfer of data depends upon speed of the network measured as throughput which is the number of useful bits per unit of time. The delivery ratio is given by the following:
In the network, the delay can also be computed as
In the network, the delay can also be computed as
A class diagram shows the static representation of the research problems in which the numbers of classes are arranged for interaction among them by using association, aggregation, inheritance, etc. A UML class model is designed for allocation of the resources and shown below in
only one process can enter into the critical section and requesting for the grant of the resources handled by class name as Resources. After exexuting the task, the output is transferred to the Process via Memory and Register classes. In this interpretation the task/process may be treated as the subroutine, subprogram, macro, a segment of program for transferring of data.
4.2. UML Sequence Diagram A UML sequence diagram shows the dynamic behavior of the system and it shows the working of the system according to the clock of the device which is always moving forward. The vertical lines shows the lifeline of the object which is represented at the top. The objects are initialized and after the use these are automatically destroyed in the dynamic modeling. The difference between the end of the object and the start of the object is the lifeline of the object. The execution time of the process can be represented as the life line of the object assigned to the process. From the literature, it is observed that many of the researches are using the UML sequence diagram for representing the dynamic aspects of the research problems, therefore, a UML sequence diagram is designed for allocation of the resources to the process as represented in
In the sequence diagram, a process object requests for the threads. If thread is available then it is to be assigned to the process and if not available, process will wait for thread assignment. When the thread is assigned it will send the request to the processors for assigning the critical section which are attached under the distributed computing system. If processor is available then it will search for the critical section and as per the availability of critical section the process is executed after getting the resources from the resource object and finally the output data is transferred into the memory and the Memory object sends the output to the Process object. After the completion of execution the Process object is terminated. The entire working of dynamic modeling is shown below.
From the above work, it is observed that UML is a powerful modeling language used to represent the static and dynamic behavior of the research problem. In the above, link failures in the MANET arranged in a new kind of step topology developed by the authors and procedure for resources allocations is described through the modeling. The present work can be extended by assigning the loads on the each node attached through step topology and speed of data transfer and delay in the packets can be measured. In place of MANET, step topology can be used for the static interconnection of the devices.