
A. G. Ad e s i yu n et al. / Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1 (20 11) 144-148
Copyright © 2011 Sc iRes. OJ OG
trauma [13] and increased level of anxiety and depres-
sion that negatively impacts on their life [14,15]. Treat-
ment of male infertility in this sub-region is of para-
mount importance because the often domineering male
par tners do confuse sexual potenc y with fe rtility c apabi -
lity there by transferrin g the bla me to the woman in most
situations. This study showed that 36 percent of the
women knew that ART could be applied for treatment of
male infertility. This figure is low considering that male
infertility due to oligospermia is the second common
cause of infertility in Africa after tubo-peritoneal factor
[2,3,4]. Knowledge on the use of donor gamete and zy-
gote and their preservation was low in this study. This
may not be unrelated to the rarity of ART treatment in
this part of the world and the depth and correctness of
the patient’s source of ART information which was
mainly from family relation and friends in this study. In
contrast to an Iranian study that reported ART centre as
the source of information among their infertile women,
thereby exposing them to acc urate and detailed informa-
tion [16].
Respo nse from this study showed that perception on
ART babies and use of donate d gametes and z ygotes for
their ART treatment was mainly. I do not know by pa-
tients. This response may be interpreted as uncertainty
and ignora nce sur rounding ART tre atment or some of the
ART practices may be in collision with their cultural a nd
religious belie fs. Similarly, authors fro m Turkey reported
low acceptance rates of donated gametes by infertile
women if needed for their treatment [17]. On the con-
trary, st udies from Greece revealed that about 50 percent
of the surveyed participant would be prepared to use
donated gametes, though men are more likely than
women to use donated gametes [18]. Although that s tud y
pointed out that confidence in emotional relationship is
negat ivel y a ssoc iated with intention to use donor gamete
[18]. In consonance with this, authors from a develop-
ing country found out that most respondents would ac-
cept do no r gamete for their treat me nt only if it was kept
private for others to consider their offspring as biologica l
[19]. On the issue of donating gamete for other persons
treatment, ab out 42 pe rcent si gnified inte ntion to do nate,
which is similar to rate from a developed country, al-
though donor anonymity and refusal of children’s right
were enhancing factors in that study [20]. On the con-
trary, a Meta analysis revealed that a significant propor-
tion of oocyte donors and women from the general pop-
ulation were prepared to donate their oocyte as iden-
tifiable donor s [21].
Societal institu tion may be slow to cope with the ideas
and practice of ART especially i n Afr ica where the tech-
nology is still relatively ne w. Contentious issues like re-
production without sex, sanctity of family genetic line-
age, involvement of third party and c ommercialization of
gametes and embryos are some of the attitudinal chal-
lenges to contend with in primitive societal settings of
Africa. International machinery to facilitate globalization
of ART services with special attention to man power
trai ni ng, sub si di za t io n o f d r ug s s up ply and establishment
of linkages towards global partne rship as ob tained in the
Millennium Development Goals are enhancing steps to
be taken for the benefit of the less privileged countries.
REFERENCES
[1] Reproductive Health Outlook. (RHO) Overview and les-
sons learned. Infertility.
HHhttp://www.rho.org/html/infertility-overview.htmlHH.
[2] W. C ates, Farley, T.M. and Rowe, P.J. (1985) World-
wide patterns of infertility: Is Afr ica differen t? Lancet, 2,
596-598. HHUUdoi:10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90594-XUU
[3] Giwa-Osagie, O.F. (1984) Aetiologic classification and
sociomedical characteristics of infertility in 250 couples.
International Journ al of Fertility, 29, 104-108.
[4] Osegbe, D.N. and Amaku, E.O. (1985) The causes of
male infertility in 504 consecutive Nigerian patients.
International Urology Nephrology, 17, 349.
[5] Inhorn, M.C. and Buss, K.A. (1994). Ethnography epide-
miology and infertility in Eqypt. Social Science Medicine,
39, 671-686.
[6] O ye -Adenir an, B.A. and Giwa-Osagie, O.F. (2000) Bact-
erio-spermia in fertile and infertile men. Nig Medicine
Journal, 38, 53-56.
[7] Hul l, M.G.R. and Fleming, C.E. (1995) Tubal surgery
versus assisted reproduction: Assessing their role in inf-
ertility therapy. C u rrent Opinion in Obstetrics and Gyn-
ecology, 7, 160-167.
HHdoi:10.1097/00001703-199506000-00002UU
[8] Ogedengbe, O.K., Gi wa-Osagie, O.F. and Ogunyemi, O.
(1987) Implications of pattern of tubal disease for
microsurgery and in vitro fertilization in Lagos. Journal
of National Medical Association, 79, 510-512.
[9] Cooke, I.D. (2007) The globalization of reproductive
technology. In Kruger TF, van der Spuy Z, Kemper BD
(eds). Advances in fertility studies and reproductive
medicine. Cape Town Juticalpa, 234-240.
[10] Adamson, G.D., de-Mauzo n, J., Lancaster, P., Nygren,
K.G., Sullivan, E. and Zegers-Hochschild, F. (2006)
World Collaborative Report on in-vitro fertilization, 2000.
Fertility and Sterility, 85, 1586-1662.
HHUUdoi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.01.011UU
[11] Moreira, P., Fall, C., Dieng, T., Fall, A., Diouf, A. and
Moreau, J.C. (2008) Assisted reproductive technology-
indications and perceptions among couple presenting
with infertility at Dakar university hospital. Medicine for
Mali , 28, 50-56.
[12] The Bertarelli Foundation Scientific Board (2000) Pub-
lic perception on infertility and its treatment: An inter-
national survey. Human Reproduction, 15, 330-334.
HHUUdoi:10.1093/humrep/15.2.330UU
[13] Milne, B. (1988) Couples experience with in vitro ferti-
lization. Journal of Obstetric Gyna eco logic Neonatal
Nursing , 17, 347-352.