Open Journal of Forestry
2014. Vol.4, No.1, 34-37
Published Online January 2014 in SciRes (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojf) http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojf.2014.41006
OPEN ACCESS
Effects of Hydrogels on Soil Moisture and Growth of Cajanus
cajan in Semi Arid Zone of Kongelai, West Pokot County
Cheruiyot Gilbert1*, Sirmah Peter1, Ng’etich Wilson2, Mengich Edward1,3
Mburu Fr ancis1, K imaiyo Sylvester1, Bett Eric k 4
1School of Natural Resource Management, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
2School of Agriculture, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
3Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Londiani, Kenya
4School of Science, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
Email: *gilcheri@yahoo.com
Received September 8th, 2013; revised October 21st, 2013; accepted November 9th, 2013
Copyright © 2014 Cheruiyot Gilbert et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Com-
mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, pro-
vided the original work is properly cited. In accordance of the Creative Commons Attribution License all Copy-
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Studies on the effects of hydrogels on soil amendments, moisture conservation and grow th of Cajanus
cajan in arid and se mi-arid lands were carried out. Seedlings of C. cajan wer e established both in the
nursery and in the field with and without hydrogels. In the field, three replications were used with three
levels of hydrogels concentration (7 g, 11 g, and 15 g). Control seedlings were established in soils without
hydrogels. In the nursery, root collar diameters and heights were measured every two weeks up to eight
weeks. Seedlings established without hydrogels in the nursery were transplanted into field soils with none,
7 g, 11 g and 15 g of hydrogels. Root collar diameters and heights were again measured every month for
three months. In addition, s oil was collected randomly once every month from the base of each seedling
and analyzed for soil moisture using standard laboratory procedures. All data were subjected to analysis
of variance. The results show that growth in both the height and root collar diameter of the species was
significantly different at the three levels of hydrogels. This suggests that use of hydrogels retards plant
growth in nursery soils but improves growth in the field. Hydrogels increased soil moisture volume from
8.3% to 10% in H15g level of hydrogels under C. cajan after transplanting. It was concluded that hydrogels
do not contribute to growth of seedlings in the nursery but they do so after transplanting. Hydrogels in-
crease soil moisture in the soil, so they are recommended for use in semi-arid lands to boost the survival
and growth of seedlings.
Keywords: Hydrogels; Moisture; Growth; Semi-Arid Lands
Introduction
Keny a is a developing country striving to achieve vision
2030 (Muchiri et al., 2009). One way of a chieving the goals of
Vision 2030 is by improving the livelihoods of people living in
arid and semi arid lands through introduction of appropriate
agroforestry technologies and practices to mitigate aridity
(Okorie, 2003). Forest cover in Kenya is currently standing at
1.7% way bel ow the internationally accepted minimum of 10%
(IPCC, 2008), t hus there is need to support the development of
forestry practices to increase forest cover towards the required
minimum percentage. On the basis of moisture availability for
plant growth, Ke nya is classified as 88% a rid and se mi -arid
with a population of over 10 million, many of whom are pasto-
ralists and agro-pastoralists (GoK, 2010). Similarly, moisture
retention in the soil is important for the growth of agroforestry
tree species. Soil water affects plant growth direct ly because it
influences ae r ation, temperature, nutrient transport, uptake and
transformation (Luo et al., 2011).
Hydrogels are networks of polymer chains that are hydro-
philic and highly absorbent to water molecules (Abedi-Koupai,
2008). The addition of hydrogels to soil can improve water
holding capacity, decrease evapotranspiration and allow plants
to mitigate the drought stress (Chirino et al., 2008).
This study therefore aimed at investigating the effects of hy-
drogels on soil water availability and growth of C. cajan seedl-
ings in the nursery and during early establishment in the field. It
was carried out in the arid and semi-arid areas of Kongelai.
Materials and Methods
Location and Climate of Study Area
This study was carried out at Kongelai, West Pokot County,
Keny a (Figure 1; 1.47˚71'S, 35.02 ˚07'E). The study area lies be-
tween 1500 m and 2100 m above sea level, and is characterized by
a bimodal type of rainfall with the long rains between April and
August and short rains between October and February. The area is
characterized by great variations in temperature with 30˚C in the
lowlands and 15˚C in the highlands.
The hydrogels used was “Belsap” manufactured by Bell
*Corresponding a uthor.