Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2013, 1, 301-306
Published Online November 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/jmmce)
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2013.16045
Open Access JMMCE
The Effect o f M g O Dopant a n d L aser Treatment on ZnO
Ceramic
Fadhil A. Chyad1, Shaymaa Q. Abul Hassan2, Zyad T. Al-Dahan3
1Department of Materials Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
2Department of Physics, College of Ibn-Al-Haithm, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
3College of Engineering, University of Al-Nahrian, Baghdad, Iraq
Email: fchyad_2009@yahoo.de
Received September 18, 2013; revised October 26, 2013; accepted November 6, 2013
Copyright © 2013 Fadhil A. Chyad et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
ZnO ceramic samples as pellets have been prepared and doped with (1, 2.5, 5, 10 wt%) of MgO powder, sintering at
1300˚C, these samples have been treated with laser at 400 J/cm2. X-ray diffraction spectra of the samples show some
changes in the X-ray parameters, where d-spacing and the intensities of the peaks are changed. FWMH of all the sam-
ples was altered due to MgO dopant and the laser influence microstructure was affected by the laser treatment, also, the
texture coefficient is affected.
Keywords: ZnO; Laser Treatment; Texture Coefficient; FWMH; X-Ray Diffraction
1. Introduction
Ceramic is an important class of materials which finds
increased applications as biomaterials, advanced structural
and engineering materials, where surface modifications
become important which were greatly influenced by the
surface microstructure defined by the morphology and
crystallographic texture of the surface grain [1].
ZnO is one of these ceramics with wide band gap
semiconductors which is used in optical devices near
ultraviolet region.
It has good optical, electrical and piezoelectric proper-
ties because it has high transparence in the visible wave
length range and low electric resistance and its band gap
is 3.3 eV at room temperature [2].
It has been used in many applications such as gas sen-
sors, bulk acoustic wave devices, transparent conductive
oxide, solar cell windows besides its applications as
biomaterials against bacteria (i.e. solution or powders for
skin ointment). Many studies have been conducted on
laser interaction with ceramic materials, for example,
ceramics welding with laser have been studied by Ikeda
[3]. For preventing crack for motion at the welded part, a
preheating at slow cooling was effective.
Mordike and Sivakumar [4] have used a laser beam to
locally melt and densify the ceramic coatings.
Harimkar and Dohotre [5] have discussed the micro-
structure development during surface modifications of
alumina ceramic using high power continuous wave
Nd:YAG laser.
Krasnikov et al. [6] have been studied the effect of la-
ser treatment with varying pulse duration and pumping
voltage on ceramic material. They found the amorphaza-
tion of the ceramic structure in the laser beam action
zone is established.
Ural et al. [7] have studied the effect of laser treatment
on the bonding between zirconia ceramic surface and
resin cement which has a clear effect on the microstruc-
ture of bonding region.
Abeidia et al. [8] have studied the realization of molt-
ed layers with the CO2 laser on sintered alumina cera-
mic.
Dyshlovenko et al. [9] have used CO2 laser to treat
plasma sprayed hydroxylapatite coating. The laser beam
was scanned with speed of 6.4 mm/s. SEM and X-ray
diffraction enabled the determination of quantitative
phase composition.
Dimitrov et al. [10] have used pulsed laser deposition
which can provide crystallization at relatively low sub-
strate temperature due to the higher energy of the ablated
particles in the laser—produce plume and relatively high
deposition rates.
Adawya et al. [11] have studied the deposition of
Al2O3 on glass substrate by PLD in 10−3 m bar oxygen