A. CARRERA ET AL.
70
im d. An interface adapted to detect residual
untovements, eye winks, has beeveloped and
the system uses these signals, after thcessing, to
ce and a virtual keyboard carry out all
nd
trol System for Robots and
Wheelchairs: Its Application for People with Severe Mo-
tor Disability,, Mobile Robots—
Current Trend011.
-4237.
and
13 July 2006, pp. 2954-
x.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.827086
plementevol-
Technology for All (DRT4all2011), Madrid, 27-29 June
2011, pp. 433-442.
[4] A. Frizera, W. Cardoso, V. Ruiz, T. FreireBastos and M.
Sarcinelli, “Human-Machine Interface Based on Electro-
biological Signals for Mobile Vehicles,” Proceedings of
the 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial
Electronics, Vol. 4, Montreal, 9-
ary mn de
eir pro
ontrol a mous that
the tasks of these conventional peripherals. The system
consists of three parts: the interface, the processing sys-
tem based on the Arduino hardware platform and the
software installed on the user’s personal computer. This
is a very low-cost technical solution and, therefore, it is
available for any interested disabled person.
Taking into account that voluntary wink is an ability
that disabled people can do in most cases with a similar
competence to a control subject; trials were carried out,
according to a specific protocol, using control subjects
without the results losing validity. The system proved to
be useful, the objectives were met, and it was verified
that computer management was accessible to any user. In
addition, an evaluation of different parameters from sur-
veys completed by users was made. These ratings reflect
the satisfaction and interest of such users in this type of
rehabilitation system for people with severe motor dis-
abilities.
As usual, any project that involves Rehabilitation Tech-
nologies is a work in progress, taking into account the
views of people who have used it, until optimum per-
formance is achieved. A greater number of trials, with
both control subjects and patients interested in a daily use
of the system, would be necessary to be carried out.
From our experience, an adaptation of the system pa-
rameters should be carried out, essentially in order to
shorten the delays on wink detection, as well as the speed
of handling by patients concerning the learning curve.
6. Acknowledgements
This research was partially supported by the Regional
Ministry of Education from Castilla y León (Spain), a
by the European Social Fund.
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