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iBusiness, 2013, 5, 142-145 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ib.2013.53B030 Published Online September 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ib) The Research about Factors and Countermeasures of Influence Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Development of Public Sports Service in China* Luojing Zhu1, Xinsen He2 1The Department of P.E. of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China; 2The Department of P.E. of Nanchang Institute University, Nanchang, China. Email: zhulj97@sina.com.cn, pockman@tom.com Received July, 2013 ABSTRACT The paper analyzed the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration sports public service in China. There are many influence factors about Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration sports public service. As follows: 1) The complexity of Administrative districts restricted balance development of the sports public services in the Chang- sha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration; 2) Dual economic structure of urban and rural areas result in imbalance of city and countryside development; 3) The single outlay source of sports funds has restricted the development and af- fected the increase of quality of sports public service. At the same time, I put forward the corresponding countermea- sures and Suggestions: 1)T Choose compound administration model to be administrative model of Chang- sha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration; 2) Promoting urban and rural integration to realize equalization of sports public service; 3) Improving sports public service system of the community; 4) Actively exploring multi-channel fi- nancing of sports and optimizing sports funds structure; 5) Establishing fairly detailed Assessment system associated with sports public service. Keywords: Urban Agglomeration; Public Sports Service; Development 1. Introduction Sports public service system is the one of the important parts of the public service system. As the provider of public social product, the government should meet the public service of public sports wants to conform to the trend of social development. The government has a re- sponsibility for building the public sports service system [1]. "Sports public service" is made of sports and public service. "public sports service" has two kinds of structure as follows: "public + sports serv ice" and "public sports + service". "public sports + service" responds to "private sports + service". The former highlights the service of the public sports field [2]. However, this paper refers to the sports public service. Constructing Changsha-Zhuzhou- Xiangtan urban agglomeration sports public service sys- tem can promote the health of people, improve people's quality of life, cut down medical cost and develop human resources powe r. 2. The Situation of the Core City Sports Public Service Resources of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration There are three aspects to measure sports public service as follows: the funds of sports for all, public sports facili- ties and the number of social sports instructor per million people. Because there are not special statistics of the funds of sports for all from the national statistics bureau to local statistics bureau, we can not ascertain specific circumstance about the funds of sports for all. but we could roughly estimate the number of the funds of sports for all by some basic data. (The related statistical data involves the number of employees, the situation of break world records and international sports communica- tion)(Table 1) As is shown by the f igure in the table 1, th e propor tion of sports in the GDP of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is low. Even the official figures of the national economic and social development of Xiangtan *The fund of Hunan Province Department of Education in 2010.Fund code:10C1341 Copyright © 2013 SciRes. IB The Research about Factors and Countermeasures of Influence Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Development of Public Sports Service in China 143 Table 1. The statistical data of sports resource of Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and China[3-7]. Changsha (RMB 1 billion) Zhuzhou (RMB 1 billion) Xiangtan (RMB 1 billion) China(RMB 1 billion) GDP in 2010 (1 billion RMB) 454.70 127.48 89.40 39798.30 Gross output of sports,cul ture and health in 2010 (1 billion RMB) 38.71 nullinformation nullinformation 2596 Sports, culture and health accounts for the proportion of GDP in the corresponding city 0.85% nullinformation nullinformation 0.3%(sports production value accounts for the proportion of GDP) The number of p ub l ic sports facilities 766 Fitness guidance stations, 470 pub lic sports facilities 1319 sports facilities, involving15 gym,204 sports ground and 1 8 swimming po ol s ,etc. More than1500 public sports facilities, 1,060,000 m2 sports venue area More than 850,000 sports facilities Per capita sports venues (㎡/person) 1.20 1.20 1.49 1.03 (the data of 2009 year) the Number of Social Sports Instructor 7750 nullinformation 2600 700,000 the Number of Social Sports Instructor per 1,000,000 11 nullinformation 9.50 5.40 city and Zhuzhou city are not reflects the ratio of the culture, physical education and health to GDP in 2010. We could roughly estimate that the proportion of sports in the Changsha city’s GDP are less than 0.85% consid- ering the proportion of culture, sports and health, which account for 0.85% of Changsha city’s GDP in 2010. The proportion of sports industry is very small in the whole country level. Sports production value is only 0.7% of GDP in China. However, sports production value is 11% of GDP in the United States . There are sig- nificant difference between China and U.S. 3. The Factors of Influence Development Public Sports Service of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration 3.1. The Complexity of Administrative Districts Restricted Balance Develo pment of the Sports Public Services in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration The administrative division of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiang tan urban agglomeration involved Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Changsha, Yueyang , Changd e, Yiyang , Loudi, H eng yang, etc. Administrative districts area is large. At present ad- ministrative organization reform of Changsha-Zhuzhou- Xiangtan urban agglomeration is brewing. The sports administrative institution reform doesn’t respond to that. Governments should establish unified sports administra- tive agencies of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban ag- glomeration to integrate all sports public service re- sources and promote equalization of sports public ser- vice. 3.2. Dual Economic Structure of Urban and Ru- ral Areas Result in Imbalance of City and Countryside Development Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is becoming “National Experimental Area of Comprehen- sive Reform Package of Resource Conserving and Envi- ronmental friendly Social Construction” through ap- proval, which explore endogenous economic develop- ment road, establish endogenous development mode suitable for China’s national conditions and promote the rise of Central China,by taking advantages of energy, rich labor force resource, dense population and great market potential. However, dual economic structure of urban and rural areas result in imbalance of city and countryside develop ment [8 ]. 3.3. The Single Outlay Source of Sports Funds Has Restricted the Development and Affected the Increase of Quality of Sports Public Service At present the source of sports funds of Changsha-Zhu- zhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is single and inade- quate. Government input and public welfare fund from sports lottery are main source of sports public service. In the way of government input there are different among Changsha, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou because of the differ- ence of three municipal government financial revenue input. The sports financial exp enditure 3 cities in 2010 as Copyright © 2013 SciRes. IB The Research about Factors and Countermeasures of Influence Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Development of Public Sports Service in China 144 follows: 1) The government input of cultural, sports and mass media of Changsha city were 0.24 billion RMB in 2010[9]. 2) There were no show use of sports funds in 2010 budget performance document of Xiangtan city municipal government. 3) There were not single out use of sports funds in 201 0 budget performance document of Zhuzhou city municipal government. As is indicated in the document that aggregate financial expenditure in- volving education, agriculture, social security, job, health, environmental protection, culture and sports were 10.58 billion RMB [10 ]. Furthermore, the sport for all input of Hunan provin- cial government were 43.01 million RMB in 2010 [11]. Above all, there are some features in the way of gov- ernment input about sports public service as follows: 1) There were not single out the expenditure of sports pub- lic service in the financial expenditure of 3 municipal government. Even the expenditure of sports was not exist in the financial expenditure of Xiangtan municipal gov- ernment. 2) The proportion of sport for all is to o small in the whole sports expenditure. 3) The yearly average basic sport for all funds standard is shortcut. As is shown in “2006-2010 years sports development plan of Changsha city” that the yearly average basic sport for all funds were 0.2 RMB in 2010. 4. Recommendation 4.1. Choose Compound Administration Model to Be Administrative Model of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration The compound administration model is a cooperative mechanism, which is realize the goal of public service sharing across administrative districts and administrative level between the government for promoting regional economic integration. In addition, the compound admini- stration model needs government participation[12]. The main problem of public administration of Changsha-Zhu- zhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is boundary conflict between administrative region and economic zone. The border of administrative region is tangible and rigid. but the boundary of economic zone is invisible and elastic.” The tangible administrative region” shall restrict the de- velopment of economic zone. The administration model of sport public service of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration should adopt compound administration model. At the same time, There is a very important meaning for local govern- ment's institutional innovation under the idea of com- pound administration. It is demand of socialist market economy developing, socialist harmonious society con- structing and civil society growing. Government should focus on sport for all rather than competitive spor ts. 4.2. Promoting Urban and Rural Integration to Realize Equalization of Sports Public Service Equalization of sp orts public service is not simple mean- ing for everyone to get the same sports public service. It includes two implications as follows: On the one hand, reasonable distribution of public sports service resources is based on population density. On the other hand, all citizens will have access to basic public service of equal opportunity and the approx imate results. Th e government should respect free option of society members [13]. The problem of the urban and rural dual structure can not be soluted through abolishing the system of agricultural registered permanent residence in China. Developing economic foundatio n is the root of problem. Futhermore , the reasonable adjustment of industrial structure and the corresponding system reform are keys. 4.3. Improving Sports Public Service System of the Community The development trend of China's urban is the commu- nity becoming the basic component of urban develop- ment unit in the future. Taking the community as the basic units can effectively and reasonably configurate basic sports public resources. Although there is a large population flow in cities, the p opulation flow of commu- nity will be relatively stable relative to the population flow of the whole city. It can make up for shortage of the sports field resource in cities through making full use of the square, park, school sports facilities in the commu- nity. Although at the current stage opening school facili- ties will confront some management risk such as how to obtain sufficient mainten ance fu nds of sports facilities, in the long run it is the development trend when the urban land resource is nervous. 4.4. Actively Exploring Multi-channel Financing of Sports and Optimizing Sports Funds Structure Sports public service of government input is more abun- dant than in the past in China. But it still has its short- comings as follows: Low administrative efficiency, qual- ity sports product and public service, etc. Under The Circumstance of market economy, government couldn’t provide as enough sports public service as it was in planned economy era in China[14 ]. Ther efore, on th e one hand, government should encourage private capital enter the domain of sports public service. At the same time, Copyright © 2013 SciRes. IB The Research about Factors and Countermeasures of Influence Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Development of Public Sports Service in China Copyright © 2013 SciRes. IB 145 sports administrations have responsibility fo r supervising private enterprise. On the other hand, it is a useful way forward that government gradually increase sports budget, and increase sport for all funds proportion for optimizing funds structure in view of immense business value of competitive sports. 4.5. Establishing Fairly Detailed Assessment System Associated with Sports Public Service Now government doesn’t establish fairly detailed As- sessment system associated with sports public service. There are a few researches about Assessment system of sports public services in academic community. But re- search achievement is few. There are many differences with economy and cu lture of every city, so there are also differences with the evaluation index and evaluation method about sports public services among cities. Even so, it is important that government establish sports public service evaluation system. The evaluation system of sports public service will be one of necessary system of urban management in the future. 5. Concluding Remarks Chinese government pays more and more attention to the livelihood of people. With the rapid development of economy in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban ag- glomeration, an increasing number of people come to realize that Perfecting public service system is key way of improving the livelihood of people. Sports public ser- vice is an integral part of public service system. In the meantime, Perfecting sports public service system is a gradual process. REFERENCES [1] X. L. Pen, L. Z. Hao and Y. X. 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