
Y. X. Sun et al. / Natural Scien c e 2 (2010) 1394-1399
Copyright © 2010 SciRes. Openly accessible at http:// www.scirp.org/journal/NS/
1398
2
*
(m) = 115.072 (kPa).
At angle gaining interval within the depth of =
1604.82 (m), its surge pressure:
2
L
P2 = = 0.1917859 (kPa/m) *
2
1
22
*
s
PLPd L
(sin84° – sin8°)* 1604.82 (m) = 263.254 (kPa).
The total annular surge pressure value at the pipe shoe
is:
P = P1 + P2 = 115.072 (kPa) + 263.254 (kPa) =
378.326 (kPa).
The corresponding addition mud density is:
ρ = P/gH = 378.326 (kPa)/{9.8 (N/kg)*2204.82(m)} =
0.0175 (g/cm3).
5. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the rheological mode of Casson flow, the
flow rate computation models of axial laminar flow in
eccentric annulus apply to horizontal well were success-
fully established. Finally, we developed a new model of
predicting surge pressure imposed on different intervals
in horizontal well, of which the numerical model could
be calculated by the program called Mathematica con-
veniently. And the magnitude of the predicting surge
pressure provided a criterion in determining the addition
mud density.
After calculating the actual example using this new
model and comparing with traditional predicting method,
it is obvious that this new model can be computed easily
by the field engineers. Across the steps of derivation of
this new model, we concluded that it can calculate flexi-
bly, it provides a method of predicting surge pressures in
vertical well and directional well after being simplified.
And this new model can also direct the secure produc-
tion on location through predicting surge pressures under
different working conditions of drill string.
6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank the drilling engineers Shurui Zhang and
Guobin Li from Daqing Oil Field for their supports to the field test and
operations
REFERENCES
[1] Burkhardt, J.A. (1961) Wellbore pressure surges pro-
duced by pipe movement. Journal of Petroleum Tech-
nology, 13, 595-605.
[2] Rasmussen, O.S. and Sangesland, S. (2007) Evaluation
of MPD methods for compensation of surge-and-swab
pressures in floating drilling operations (IADC/SPE-
108346). IADC/SPE Managed Pressure Drilling & Un-
derbalanced Operations, Galveston, Texas, USA, 2007,
1-11.
[3] Wang, W. and Gong, J. (2006) Controlling surge due to
accidental shutoff fast closing valve at terminal station of
an oil pipeline (SPE-100914). International Oil & Gas
Conference and Exhibition, Beijing, China, 2006, 1-7.
[4] Tao, Q., Xia, H., Peng, M. and Li, B. (2006) Research on
surge pressure of casing running in high-temperature
high-pressure oil well. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 13,
58-60.
[5] Fan, H. and Liu, X. (1990) Analysis on surge pressure
caused by mud viscosity in vertical well. Journal of the
University of Petroleum, 14, 8-14.
[6] Fan, H., Chu, Y. and Liu, X. (1995) Predition for well-
bore dynamic surge pressure while tripping a drillpipe.
Journal of the University of Petroleum, 19, 37-41.
[7] Bizanti, M.S., Mitchell, R.F. and Leturno, R.E. (1991)
Are improved surge models needed (SPE-22057). Un-
published.
[8] Wang, H. and Liu, X. (1994) Study on steady surge
pressure of casson fluid in concentric annulus of direc-
tional wells. Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid. 11 ,
35-44.
[9] Zhong, B., Shi, T., Fu, J. and Miao, S. (1999) Model for
computing surge and swab pressures in slim end hori-
zontal holes. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,
21, 52-55.
[10] Wang, Z. and Tang, S. (1982) Casson rheological model
in drilling fluid mechanics. International Petroleum Ex-
hibition and Technical Symposium, Beijing, China, 1982,
397-435.
[11] Sun, W., Chen, J. and Li, Z. (1986) Comparison of
rheological models in high shear rate range and experi-
mental relationship between penetration rate and high
shear viscosities. International Meeting on Petroleum
Engineering, Beijing, China, 1986, 267-277.
[12] Manohar, L. (1983) Surge and swab modelling for dy-
namic pressures and safe trip velocities. IDAC/SPE
Drilling Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1983,
427-433.
[13] Wang, H., Su, Y. and Liu, X. (1998) Numerical analysis
of steady surge pressure of power law fluid in eccentric
annuli. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 19, 104-109.
[14] Wang, L., Yang, H., Xu, Q., Lan, X. and Shen, Q. (2008)
An analytic model for stable-state flow in horizontal
wellbore drilled by stable foam. Natural Gas Industry, 28,
90-92.
[15] Meliande, P., Elson, A.N., João, P.D. and André L.L.M.
(2008) Surge pressure analysis for Bijupira and Salema
water injection system (OTC 19365). Offshore Technol-
ogy Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, 2008, 1-8.
[16] Wang, H. and Liu, X. (1996) Solution of surge pressure
of power-law fluid in the deviated sections of directional
well. Journal of the University of Petroleum, 20, 29-33.
[17] Zhong, B., Zhou, K. and Xie, Q. (1995) Theoretical
study of steady-state surge and swab pressure in eccen-
tricc annulus. Journal of Southwest-China Petroleum In-
stitute, 17, 38-45.
[18] Wang, H., Liu, X. and Dong J (1996) Approximate solu-
tion of stable fluctuation pressure of newtonian fluid in
eccentric annular. Oil Drilling & Production Technology,
18.
[19] Wagner, R.R., Halal, A.S. and Goodman, M.A. (1993)
Surge field tests highlight dynamic fluid response
(SPE/IADC-25771). SPE/IADC Drilling Conference,
Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1993, 883-892.