
A. BEH-PAJOOH ET AL.
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evaluating the consequences of their behaviors. Si nce self-cont rol
may allow children to manage their behaviors in the absence of
watching adults, it may teaches them to take responsibility for
their own actions.
Teaching self-control techniques to children may also enable
them to provide self-directed feedback on their behaviors. They
may learn to evaluate and monitor their behaviors and system-
atically treat themselves with appropriate rewards for their ac-
ceptable behaviors. They may also learn to perform effectively
and productively even in the absence of an external agent (e.g.
parent, teacher, p ri n ci pal).
Generally speaking, childre n with ADHD may have p robl ems
in their self-control. The results of the present research indicate
that teaching self-control techniques may minimize quite a
number of the problems of children with ADHD.
Limitations and Suggestions: Like many other studies, the
present study was limited in a number of ways. The participants
in this study included boys only. Therefore, one must take cau-
tion in generalizing the results to the female population. An-
other limitation is that, the students in the control group might
meet and interact with those in the experimental group possibly
allowing them to exchange ideas. Additionally, in this study we
could not differentiate the participants based on subtypes of
ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive or combined).
For further research, researchers are encouraged to examine
the effect of self-control training on other behavioral-emotional
disorders in children and on different age groups. Examining
the effect of self-control techniques training on a mild, moder-
ate and severe attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder is
also strongly encouraged.
Finally, the researchers encourage teachers and parents to
teach self-management and self-control techniques to children
with ADHD to explore further implications. As Hughes and
Cooper (2008) have mentioned to us in their book: “Changing
the child’s behavior will take time and medication alone will
not provide the child with sufficient support to modify his or
her behavior” (p. 90).
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