Vol.1, No.3, 195-203 (2009)
doi:10.4236/ns.2009.13026
SciRes Copyright © 2009 Openly accessible at http://www.scirp.org/journal/NS/
Natural Science
A biomass gasification system for synthesis gas from
the new method
Li-Qun Wang1, Yu-Huan Dun2, Heng Tang3, Tong-Zhang Wang3
1Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;
2Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;
3Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Received 27 June 2009; revised 20 July 2009; accepted 22 July 2009.
ABSTRACT
This paper describes a single fluidized bed by
the two-step gasification of the working method,
process and biomass and coal co-gasification
by a certain proportion of the results of a typical
run. The results show that the biomass gasifi-
cation technology for raw materials has a wide
adaptability, the tar content in the gas is less
than 10mg/m3,component in it ,the H2+CO>70%,
H2/C ≈1~2,especially suitable for biomass from
hydrogen, synthetic alcohol fuel, is a promising
approach.
Keywords: Fuidized Bed; Double Bed; Biomass;
Synthesis Gas; Co-Gasification; Steam Gasification
1. INTRODUCTION
In the growing depletion of traditional fossil fuel, man-
kind is facing increasing environmental pollution cases,
countries around the world are actively developing re-
newable energy sources. And other types of biomass
energy have unparalleled advantages, it can be stored
and is the only low-carbon renewable energy, with lower
sulfur and nitrogen, small environmental pollution and
zero emissions of greenhouse gases, it is mature tech-
nology and can be made of the excellent transport liquid
fuel alternative energy, automobile and caused consum-
ers a wide range of great importance, as well as a major
agricultural country, Brazil, the United States, Europe,
China and other areas of the development of biomass
energy in the walk in the world. At present, the produc-
tion of bio-ethanol and bio-diesel used as a substitute for
gasoline and diesel is a hot research and development,
the process mainly through the use of bio-fermentation
starch or sugar of biomass into ethanol.
Brazil, mainly use sugar cane as raw material, while
the United States and China, with corn as the main raw
material. With the development of biomass fuel and ex-
pansion, as well as international food prices, the interna-
tional community to the best alternative to new energy
sources of oil-bio-fuel ethanol opposition is growing.
Causing people to question the professionals to reflect
on the current bio-fuel ethanol production is the vast
majority of food crops as raw materials, in the long run
with the scale of restrictions and non-sustainability of
lignocellulose raw materials to the second generation of
bio-fuel ethanol is the future key to large-scale alterna-
tive to oil. The Chinese government approval in 2006 no
longer agree the grain as raw materials to fuel ethanol
production companies, shifting to second-generation
bio-fuels research and development. The United States
and the European Union has drawn up development
plans, increase the second- generation bio-fuel ethanol
technology, the pace of study. However, current tech-
nology development, fuel cellulosic ethanol technology
in the pretreatment of raw materials and reduce the cost
of a major breakthrough in enzyme takes time. U.S. De-
partment of Energy is expected to cellulose ethanol fuel
in 2012 may be about to get a major breakthrough, and a
number of research institutions in Europe think that in
2015 to 2020. In addition to fuel ethanol, some compa-
nies have chosen to research and development of bio-
mass gasification production of alcohol fuel, biodiesel,
Fischer-Topsch synthesis of diesel and other key issues
of technology, the application of reserves for the future
technology, laying the foundation for the market to seize
the future. The use of biomass gasification method to
high-quality biomass into fuel, and bio-technology com-
parison with a broad range of sources of raw materials
(agriculture, forestry, waste, garbage, etc.) into efficient,
production intensity, and almost no waste, easy to mass
production, the production process of the environmental
impact of small, less greenhouse gas emissions. At pre-
sent, biomass gasification system for synthesis gas from
the basic approach is to use non-N2 gasification agent or
change the way the heating biomass pyrolysis and gasi-
fication, gas composition obtained for H2, CO, CH4 and
CO2, the specific methods of oxygen gasification, steam
gasification and fluidized-bed gasification method dou-

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196
ble. Gasification as a result of oxygen-free N2 gas in the
gas, a higher calorific value gas, the CO, H2 with a high
level, CH4 low, due to oxygen gasification free to adjust
the reaction temperature, the reaction completely and
higher gas production, gasification higher efficiency, the
technology is mature, simple, stable operation and suit-
able for large- scale production, as a result of oxygen
equipment, investment and operating costs are higher, it
is difficult to adapt to storage and transportation of bio-
mass resources, the high cost of dispersed and difficult
to mass production characteristics. The water vapor is a
strong endothermic reaction gasification, biomass pyro-
lysis and gasification temperature above 800℃ need to
have a higher reaction rate, it is generally difficult to
achieve this temperature steam requirements, so less gas
production, gasification and low efficiency. The advan-
tage is to form H2, CH4 more, CO2,CO and other content
in a relatively small amount of synthesis gas in favor of
simplifying the follow-up process. The using of steam
gasification process in the world is very few, mainly
used in laboratory research. The last century 80's, Pro-
fessor Kunii, D. first dual fluidized bed gasification
technology methods [1-3]. Packages are equipped with a
Figure 1. The gasifier of two fluidized beds of biomass.
Figure 2. Single fluidized bed gasification two-step working
principle, 1-1 Air control valve, 1-2 Flue control valve, 2-1
Steam Control Valve, 2-2 Gas Control Valve.
fluidized bed gasifier and the composition of fluidized
bed combustion furnace (Figure 1). Burner for heating
air combustion of coke particles in the gasifier heating
inert particles, while for the steam gasifier and high
temperature so that biomass particles in the flow of inert
state pyrolysis reaction occurs to produce hydrogen-rich
synthesis gas. This method does not require external heat
source, and therefore do not require oxygen equipment
and low cost operation. However, due to the volume and
temperature of heat carrier restrictions, not more than
gasifier temperature of 800℃, resulted in lower gasifica-
tion efficiency, on the other hand, un-time as a result of
coke and the heat carrier are at a high temperature cycle,
it is difficult to quantitatively control, temperature easy
to change, it is difficult to stable operation, restrictions
on use of the fact that, at present there is no practical
case of industrialization. Professor Wang Tongzhang,
Jiangsu University, at the conclusion of the research
team based on previous experience, in 1990 put forward
a single fluidized bed by two-step gasification method.
Synthesis gas was prepared with steam gasification
agent. And obtained a patent in China [4,5]. Principle of
the work of this process known as fluidized-bed water
gas gasifier (FWG). The equipment with coal as raw
materials has industrialized. With biomass as raw material
the equipment being promoted in this paper technological
processes of the gasification process, the scope of appli-
cation and the moving results are introduced.
2. A SINGLE FLUIDIZED BED
TWO-STEP GASIFICATION PROCESS
AND DEVICE [6]
Water vapor and carbon for the gasification agent of raw
materials to form H2, CO, CH4 and CO2, the main reac-
tion is:
C + H2O → CO + H2 -162.3 MJ (1)
C + 2H2O → CO2 + 2H2 -75.2 MJ (2)
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 -43.56 MJ (3)
C + 2H2 → CH4 +87.36 MJ (4)
C + O2 → CO2 +408.86 MJ (5)
Endothermic reaction is basically, in order to enable
the reaction can be carried out, it is necessary to provide
the necessary reaction heat. To this end will be in the
same fluidized bed biomass gasification process is di-
vided into two processes: First, the combustion process
(the heating process); First, the process of pyrolysis and
gasification. To the gasifier for combustion into the air
and raw materials, so that flow of raw materials in a state
of combustion heat release style (5), so that the material
layer gasifier rapid increase in temperature is expected
when the temperature rise to the scheduled (scheduled
for 1000℃), to stop for air, the end of the combustion
process; gasifier turn to pyrolysis and gasification proc-

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SciRes Copyright © 2009 Openly accessible at http://www.scirp.org/journal/NS/
197
1 Fluidized bed biomass gasifier, 2 High-temperature cyclone, 3 Superheater, 4 Waste heat boile, 5 Scrubber, 6 Bell
type gasholder, 7 Air preheater, 8 Precipitator(dust collector ), 9 Chimney, 10 Setting pond, 11 Roots blower, 12
Reserve gray box, 13 Feed back, 14 Air, steam nozzle, 15 Spiral feeding machine with biomass bunker, 16 Wind
Room, 17 Spiral feeding machine with coal bunker.
Figure 3. The process flow of the water gas gasifier of fluidized bed of biomass.
ess, into the steam for the gasifier and biomass to bio-
mass and the original high-temperature materials in the
water vapor layer of the under the conditions in the flow
of pyrolysis and gasification reaction occurred, resulting
in the synthesis of H2-rich gas, because the process is
endothermic reaction, the rapid temperature decline in
bed when the bed temperature dropped to predetermined
temperature (scheduled for the 900℃), gasification proc-
ess is over. The gasifier gets into the combustion process.
The two processes repeated conversion to achieve the
production of synthesis gas purpose. Two processes in
the fluidized bed gasifier through imports and exports of
two pairs of control valves: air control valve 1-1, vapor
control valves 2-1 and Flue control valves 1-2, gas con-
trol valves 2-2 to achieve (see Figure 2) flue and gas,
respectively, into the flue system and gas system, the
gate valve by the furnace temperature control.
Figure 3 Biomass fluidized bed water gas gasifier
(BFWG) process. Fluidized bed biomass gasifier (1)
with two feeders, screw feeder biomass (15) and coal
screw feeder (17) for the conduct of the total biomass
and coal gasification, gasifier start when run-time, water
vapor control valve 2-1 and gas control valve 2-2 to
close,air control valve 1-1 and flue control valve 1-2
open when the combustion channels in working condi-
tion, when Roots blower (11 ) through the air control
valve 1-1 at the bottom of the wind from the gasifier
chamber (16) for the first time into the air, at the same
time coal screw machine (17) adding coal to the furnace
(0~6mm), to enable complete combustion of fuel in the
heater do, in the furnace equipped with a secondary air
nozzle (14), secondary air jet from the nozzle to increase,
so that paragraph into the suspension of particles of in-
complete combustion of carbon and the gas composition
to continue to burn, so that the furnace temperature the
rapid increase in high-temperature combustion gas from
the gasifier cyclone export to high temperatures, (2) after
the beginning of dust into the superheater (3) and waste
heat boiler (4) heat exchanger, the flue gas temperature
to about 400℃ below the flue control valve 1-2 to enter
the air preheater (7), flue gas temperature to 200℃ the
following into the dust collector (8), purified by the
chimney (9) into the atmosphere. Under the high tem-
perature cyclone separation carbon dust by the return
feeder (13) returns to re-combustion gasification gasifier.
When the furnace temperature up to set temperature
(1000℃), the end of the combustion process, when the
air control valves, flue control valves 1-1 and 1-2 fol-
lowed by self-closing, steam control valve2-1 and gas
control valve 2-2 automatically open one after another,
from the waste heat boiler (4) water vapor generated by
the steam superheater (3), the steam control valve 2-1 by
the wind Room (16) into the gasifier, while biomass
feeder (15) to adding biomass furnace (0~10mm), then
high-temperature material layer and adding biomass
state in the flow of pyrolysis and gasification reaction
occurred, resulting in hydrogen-rich gas. Since the reac-
tion is endothermic reaction, the furnace temperature
dropped quickly when the high temperature gas gener-
ated by cyclone (2) after the separation of carbon dust by

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SciRes Copyright © 2009 Openly accessible at http://www.scirp.org/journal/NS/
198
the return under the feeder (13) into the re-gasification
furnace, after the separation of crude gas into the waste
heat boiler (4) for heat exchange cooling to below 400
℃,the gas control valves, 2-2 to enter the scrubber tower
(5),by the washing water after the cooling device into the
gas cabinet (6),for users. When the furnace temperature
down to set temperature(900℃),the gasification process,
steam control valves 2-1 and gas control valve 2-2 auto-
matically shut down one after another, the air control
valves1-1andflue control valves 1-2 followed by open,
into the gasifier and the combustion process, alternating
back and forth these two processes to work, production
of the H2-rich syngas. Since the fluidized bed gasifier
with a uniform temperature characteristic, temperature
control in bed for two processes is not only conducive to
the stability of production quality, and temperature can
be arbitrary in order to obtain the synthesis gas compo-
nents of satisfaction. General low-temperature limit de-
termined by the reaction rate of raw materials, high
temperature limit determined by the ash melting point of
raw materials. Two waste heat recovery processes can be
generated by steam gasification to meet their own needs.
3. BIOMASS FLUIDIZED BED WATER
GASIFIER IS RUNNING RESULTS
AND ANALYSIS
Biomass feedstock to 0~10mm smash into the furnace,
due to the shape of biomass particles of diversity, so that
net flow of biomass is more difficult biomass powder
usually include a certain amount of inert particles such
as sand, to improve the Health the flow of material per-
formance, as a result of China's coal-dominated energy
structure, the authors selected coal (0~6mm) in place of
the inert particles, such coal to improve the flow of not
only played the role of performance, because coal is a
hot body, together with the biomass total gasification,
coal and biomass in the physical and chemical properties
of many complementary aspects, such as the coal density
high, fixed carbon content high, ash melting point high,
chemical activity low; and biomass density low, fixed
carbon contentlow, ash melting point low, high volatile,
highchemical activity and easy to gasification, gasifica-
tion of the two were complementary to each other will
receive such good results. Therefore this section will be
a comprehensive discussion of this technology to coal,
biomass gasification and the two kinds of co-gasication
were the result of the operation [6].
3.1. The Operation of Coal as Raw Materials
Results
Table 1 shows the results of the operation in the type
FWG 1.6 gasifier.
The three kinds of coal in the long-term continuous
operation, results showed that regardless of coal for the
weak or strong adhesive bonding of all long-term stable
operation and good results. The strong bond not only of
coal coking phenomenon did not happen, and gas indi-
cators are generally better than the weak bonding of coal,
mainly air and water vapor at 950℃ and above the turn
of coal particles for combustion and gasification reac-
tions, so that caking coal rapid destruction of the gluey
layer, the strong bond of coal can be a smooth operation.
Fluidized bed water gas gasifier is automatically adjust-
able, the results in Table 1 is a coal gasification process
of running the results can be seen from the gas composi-
tion, gas composition in the H2 high,CH4 content is gen-
erally 5~7%. The CO content of less than 20%,which is
due to the process of coal gasification, when there are
complex reaction mechanism, when the water vapor and
carbon bed water-gas reaction to produce high gas mix-
tures containing H2, has just joined the Fan coal in such
a high temperature pyrolysis atmosphere makes reaction
CH4 and H2 gas in a marked increase in the content, and
some scholars believe that the main CH4 from the hy-
drogenation reaction (4).
Table 2. Different ways of coal feeding have an effect
on gas composition. Coal feeding in different ways, from
changing in gas composition obviously. In the process of
coal gasification, coal is fed, the component of the H2
and CH4 in the gas increased obviously, while reducing
CO, for high volatile coal, the greater difference. This
factor is a gasifier to provide a more convenient, that is,
through different ways to increase coal output is suitable
for the requirements of different gas components.
3.2. Biomass as Raw Materials Moving
Results
Water fluidized bed biomass gasifier (BFWG) set up two
feeders: biomass and coal screw feeders. Generally the
gasifier was fed with biomass powder(0-10mm) in the
gasification process(0~10mm), coal combustion process
by adding(0~6mm), this study used corncob, rice husk,
wood chips as raw material, high in the inner diameter
300×4000mm bed water-gas gasifier in operation results
(Table 3).
3.3. Discussion and Analysis of the Results
From the corn cob, sawdust, rice husk three experiments
show that the agricultural and forestry waste (Table 4)，
The diversity of the types of biomass does not affect the
performance of their gasification, the gas composition,
calorific value, the efficiency of gasification, tar and
other parameters in the same operating conditions, the
results were similar. The results from Table 5 show that
the impact of gasification temperature gasification gas
production rate and efficiency of key parameters, (the
technology can easily adjust the parameters), with the in-
crease in transition temperature, gas production rate and
a corresponding increase in efficiency gasification,

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199
Table 1. The results of three coal.
Openly accessible at
Table 2. Gas components under different coal feed ways.
Table 3. The industrial materials analysis and elemental analysis of the materials.
Industry Analysis/% Elemental analysis/% Calorific value
Types of raw
materials Mt A
ar V ar FCar C ar H ar N ar O ar Q KJ/Kg
Corncob 5.6 6.24 76.92 11.2447.63 4.910.8546.61 17245
Sawdust 13.441.42 75.91 9.23 46.18 6.280.1447.4 15672
Rice husk 7.4 11.01 73.78 7.81 45.13 5.040.7649.07 14557
Test Coal 4.7 26.5 7.94 60.8662.31 2.861.021.9 23120
Item The type of coal Lean coal Coke Semi-anthracite
Industry Analysis wt%
Total Moisture 8.11 7.8 3.37
Inherent moisture 0.8 0.42 0.77
Fixed carbon 65.37 53.94 56.42
Volatile 13.66 14.53 18.62
Ash 12.86 23.67 21.24
Sulfur content 0.32 0.3 0.35
Calorific value of coal KJ/Kg 25103 23268 23040
Characteristics of coke residue 3 6 4
Roca Index Non-bonded 75 Weak bond
Ash melting point（℃）
Deformation temperature 1470 ＞1400 ＞1200
Softening temperature 1500 ＞1400 ＞1200
Operating Temperature 950~1000 950~1000 950~1000
Gas composition vol%
CO2 10.6 8.4 9.4
CO 15.3 19.5 19.4
H2 61.12 59.5 58.81
CH4 6.83 6.9 6.92
O2 0.3 0.1 0.14
N2 5.58 5.7 5.63
H2S(mg/m3) 120 120 120
tar content（mg/m3） 3.3 3.3 3.3
Gas calorific value（KJ/m3） 11201 11453 11227
Water gas production rate（m3/Kg） 1.2 1.2 1.19
Gasification efficiency （%） 52 59 58
Thermal efficiency（%） 85 85 85
Gas composition
Operation Mode CO2 O2 CO CH4 H2 N2
Calorific value
（KJ/m3）
Combustion process feed coal 17.5 0.3 17.9 2.06 58.13 4.11 9207
Gasification process feed coal 10.6 0.3 15.3 6.83 61.12 10.12 10120

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200
Table 4. Moving results of biomass.
Item Corncob Sawdust Rice husk
The amount of biomass kg/h 140 140 140
The amount of coal kg/h 35 35 35
Biomass/Coal 4/1 4/1 4/1
Air for combustion stage 270 270 270
For the amount of water vapor gasification stage kg/h 110 110 110
Steam/Biomass (S/B) 0.79 0.79 0.79
Operating temperature range ℃ 900-950 900-950 900-950
Gas composition（Vol %）
H2 38.87 37.78 38.6
CO 32.29 30.23 32.70
CH4 11.62 9.43 7.73
CO2 13.7 14.88 13.41
O2 0.2 0.8 0.4
N2 7.32 6.88 7.7
Gas calorific value KJ/m3 12579 11766.3 11496.24
content of tar oil mg/m3 ＜10mg ＜10mg ＜10mg
Gas production rate m3/kg daf 1.15 1.17 1.1
Gasification efficiency % 84 88 86.80
The thermal efficiency of gasifier % 85 85 85
Gasification intensity kg/(m2 h) 3000
Table 5. Corncob interval at different temperatures of the test results.
.
Temperature range（℃）
Item
850－900 900－950 950－1000
The amount of biomass kg/h 120 120 120
The amount of coal kg/h 30 30 30
Biomass/Coal 4/1 4/1 4/1
Air for combustion stage m3/h 286 286 286
For the amount of water vapor gasification
stage kg/h 108 108 108
Steam/Biomass（S/B） 0.9 0.9 0.9
Gas composition（Vol %）
H2 28.70 38.30 46.30
CO 26.10 29.40 28.30
CH4 19.7 11.20 8.40
CO2 18.20 13.70 10.50
O2 0.4 0.2 0.4
N2 6.0 7.20 6.1
content of tar oil mg/m3 1.20 0.9 0.7
Gas production rate m3/kg daf 1.00 1.20 1.25
Gas calorific value KJ/m3 14315 12414 12043
Gasification efficiency ％ 83 86.4 87.3

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Table 6. The current production methods of medium-heating value compared with the technique.
Item Methods Steam
gasification
Oxygen
gasification
Dual fluidized
bed gasification
Two-step
gasification
method
Gasification
conditions
Gasification medium
Gasification
temperature /℃
The main auxiliary
equipment
Gasifier type
Gasification
efficiency /%
Gasification yield
/m³/kg
Gasification calorific
value /MJ/m³
Gasification intensity
/kg/(m³·h)
Steam
550~750
Steam generator
Fluidized bed
~55
~0.46
20
1000
O2
850~950
Oxygen
generator
Fluidized bed
80
1.0
13.0
3000
Steam
600~800
Waste heat
recovery unit
Fluidized bed
65
~0.55
16
1500
Steam
900~1000
Waste heat
recovery unit
Fluidized bed
85
~1.1
14
3000
Gas composition
CO2
CO
CH4
CnHm
H2
N2
O2
24.0
27.0
20.0
8.0
20.0
1.0
0.3
28.0
30.0
13.0
4.0
25.0
2.0
0.5
15.0
44.0
16.0
5.5
18.0
1.0
0.5
15.0
30.0
10.0
40
5.0
0.4
Technical and
economic
evaluation
Technical difficulty
Stability
One-time investment
Running costs
Content of tar oil
Application of
General
General
General
General
More
Little
General
Better
Higher
Higher
Less
More
Higher
Poor
Higher
Lower
More
Less
General
Better
General
Low
Trace
Application
Table 7. 10,000 tons / year to estimate the scale of investment in manufacturing plant (equipment).
Serial number Item Total（Million）
1 Part of biomass gasification（prepare feed、Gasifier、Purification
Storage cabinets,Counter to the gas purification） 1000
2 Fine desulfurization 、Dechlorination 95
3 Compression Section 130
4 Synthesis of dimethyl ether 210
5 Distillation of dimethyl ether 50
6 Electrical instrumentation 130
7 Other 100
Total 1715
and gas heat values increase with the transition tem-
perature decreased. H2 is mainly expressed in the incr-
ease as the temperature increases, and decreases due to
CH4. S/B is the impact of gas composition, gas yield and
gas calorific value of the important parameters in Figure
4 that the gas temperature of 900-950℃, corn cob/coal
ratio of 4/1,gas H2,CH4,CO content and S/B relationship.
As well as gas production rate and the S/B relationship
(Figure 5), gas heat value and the S/B relationship. (Fig-
ure 6).

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202
Table 8. Estimates of consumption of fixed costs (per ton of DME).
Serial number Name Units Amount Units（yuan） Amount（yuan）
1 Straw t 4.4 200 880
2 Coal t 1 400 400
3 Electricity Kwh 600 0.5 300
4 Water t 300 0.2 60
5 Steam t 1.5 60 90
6 Catalyst Kg 2.5 40 100
7 Subtotal 1830
8 Other 500
9 Cost of sales t 2330
As can be seen from the chart, in the experimental
conditions, the gas content in H2 increases with the S/B
increasing, and CH4, CO content both reduces with the
S/B increasing.
4. CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
4.1. Conclusion
Fluidized bed biomass gasifier water and put into service,
after a long-term operation test, indicating that the sta-
bility of the furnace is running, convenient operation,
stable performance. In this paper, biomass and coal ratio
under different experimental results show the feasibility
of gasification technology and economic advantages
(Table 6). The results from the pilot to see in biomass
synthesis gas preparation methods, this technology has
the following characteristics.
1) Applies to a wide range of raw materials: agricul-
tural and forestry waste and organic solid waste can be
used effectively. Biomass as a result of agriculture, for-
estry, raw material suppliers subject to seasonal changes,
Figure 4. The influence to the H2, CH4 and CO per-
cents of the product gas by the value of S/B.
can be adjusted to ensure that the coal to security of en-
ergy supplies.
2) This technology is particularly applicable to a total
of coal and biomass gasification. A result of coal in the
combustion process can be quickly obtained by adding
the necessary high-temperature gasification process and
heat conditions. So the process of biomass gasification
Figure 5. The influence to the yield of the product gas
by the value of S/B.
Figure 6. The influence to the heat value of the
product gas by the value of S/B.

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203
has been transformed into efficient. Due to high tem-
perature, the role of water vapor in the gas under very
low tar content, so easy to deal with gas purification,
resolved biomass gasification gas with high tar prob-
lems.
3) High levels of H2 gas, H2 + CO>70%, H/CO = 1~2,
is a synthetic alcohol fuel components suitable for the
synthesis of alcohol fuel, the preparation of H2 technol-
ogy to provide a viable route.
4.2. Outlook
The development and utilization of oil alternatives and
renewable sources of energy is the world's largest energy
development trends and hot, renewable energy, the bio-
logical resources into liquid fuels to replace oil with other
types of energy unparalleled advantage. At present, many
countries in the corn to sugar cane as raw material,
through the biological alternative fuel ethanol into gaso-
line has been noticed, as the existing technology of pow-
dered sugar to starch-based, people struggle with food
concerns, has been transferred to wood cellulose as raw
materials on behalf of the Section 2 the development of
biomass fuels. Due to technical and economic reasons,
the second generation of fuel ethanol industry takes time.
Even cellulose as raw materials process technology, the
future level of industrialization can be achieved. Due to
the diversity of straw cellulose, in the production process
we also need to deal with the residue. In this paper, the
biomass gasification technology is more perfect to deal
with these types of materials technology. Biological fer-
ment and gasification methods both integrated develop-
ment, to make the development and utilization of bio-
mass energy achieve better results. Technology is now
under the operation of indicators, the production of 1 ton
each of dimethyl ether (DME), the need for 4.4 tons of
straw and 1 ton of coal. China based on the current mar-
ket price, 200 yuan per ton of straw,400 yuan per ton coal,
it is estimated the technology ton DME production plant
of economic indicators. (Table 7, Table 8)
Taking into account the cost of capital, a total invest-
ment of about 3000 million, at current market price of
DME 5,000 yuan per ton, production of 1~2 years to
recover their investment. The technology of biomass for
hydrogen production, due to purification, separation
technologies are mature technologies [7-9], 1 kg of hy-
drogen to be consumed 12kg of straw plus 3kg of coal.
renewable energy technology in the economic advantage.
As a result of this two-step technique, in the production
process, about half the time the combustion process will
be used to provide heat for the gasification process, the
line considerable. The calorific value of hydrogen is the
fuel units 3 times, which can be seen the application of
The resulting hydrogen can be projected cost per ton of
about 4,000~5,000 yuan. This is the current cost of gaso
same-size models of fluidized-bed gasifier for gasifica-
tion than oxygen for gasification agent law, and its pro-
duction capacity will be less 1/2. However, due to the
biomass distribution of a wide set shipped difficulties
and is not suitable for large-scale production. This
small-scale production plant, built near the highway to
the highway for the trunk to form a supply network, so
that raw materials can be extensive and products com-
bine the mobility of, do the local sales of local produc-
tion.
A wide range of biomass distribution of a large
amount of earth each year, the total biomass (dry) of
about 1400-1800 billion tons, equivalent to the annual
world energy consumption 10 times the biomass wish
for the adoption of this technology to do economic de-
velopment of mankind a contribution.
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