ABSTRACT

The 0206 Earthquake, occurring on February 6, 2016, caused the collapse of the Yongkang-Wei Guan building in Tainan City, leading to the death of 115 people and trapping about three hundred people waiting for the rescue. No sooner had the earthquake occurred, the Tainan City Government Fire Department immediately set up a disaster response center and command center to dispatch the rescue team in time, which is appreciated by the citizens. A year after the earthquake, a survey is conducted, aiming to collect and reflect civic opinions and satisfaction on the rescue during 0206 earthquake. Therefore, the purposes of this study are as follows: 1) This survey will facilitate the Tainan city government to device future marketing strategies and continue to promote new policy. 2) This survey will guide Tainan City Government Fire Department on how to enhance the disaster rescue. 3) This survey will serve as the reference for other cities, intending to develop similar fire-fighting tactical strategies.

Keywords:

City Marketing, Earthquake, Analysis of Satisfaction

1. Introduction

The main research object of this study is to conduct a survey, which is capable of collecting and reflecting civic opinions and satisfaction on the rescue during 0206 earthquake.

An earthquake measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale struck 28 kilometers northeast of Pingtung City on Taiwan’s southwestern coast at 03:57 a.m. (local time). A residential building, named Weiguan Jinlong in Yongkang District, collapsed. The schematic diagram of Weiguan Jinlong building was shown as Figure 1 [1] [2] .

The Wei Guan building is a residential complex with nine 17-story RC buildings built in 1994 with a height 52 m and there were 99 households with 289 people living in this building. After the collapse of the building, H and I buildings were stacked, A and G buildings and the remaining five building structures were distorted, resulting in search and rescue difficulties.

Satisfaction Measurement

The satisfaction scale is as follows: 1) simple satisfaction scale, 2) mixed scale, 3) expectational scale, 4) attitude scale, and 5) affect scale. In this study, a simple satisfaction scale is used as a measure of satisfaction to understand the actual needs of the user [3] [4] . In this study, the satisfaction is measured on a simple satisfaction scale [5] [6] .

2. Main Body

2.1. Figures and Tables

In this study, urban marketing is defined as a city-based product, including a marketing company (city hall) product or service. Therefore, the satisfaction survey in this study will form the basis of city marketing strategies as for how the rescue ability of the Tainan City in the future will improve and enhance the image of Tainan city government. In the urban marketing aspect, the city marketing strategy in this study uses Kolter’s image marketing aspect to explore. The theoretical structure of this study is shown as Figure 2.

2.2. Formula and Equation

1) Interview object: citizens who live in Tainan City and are over 20 years of age.

2) Interview time: October 2 to 6, 2016.

3) Interview method:

a) By calling

This survey was conducted through the computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). After the completion of the visit training, excellent interviewers, who had participated in the company’s large telephone interview and had multiple telephone interview experience, accessed interviewees in a specified period of time. In addition, in order to effectively control the interviewer and ensure the quality of the sample, the supervisor and the monitoring system and monitoring system were provided during the investigation to achieve the highest level of validity and reliability.

b) Interview quality control

The telephone interviewer performed telephone access within a specified period of time. At the same time, the progress and quality of the interviewer’s telephone interview were controlled in the course of the investigation to effectively control the quality of the visit, through the interviewer’s manual, questionnaire completion questionnaire, questionnaire survey form, supervisor configuration and questionnaire review. During the visit, the supervisor would also take the initiative to assist the telephone interviewer to solve the difficulties that might be encountered in order to facilitate the successful completion of the investigation in order to enhance the validity and reliability. If the access process did not meet the criteria, the telephone interviewer would be replaced to strictly control the quality of the survey.

c) Data review

After the visit was completed, the researcher and supervisor checked the contents of the information and review the relevance of the subject, whether the answers were contradictory or contrary to common sense. If any missing information or any logical contradictions were found, the work would be made immediately to confirm the completeness and reasonableness of all information.

d) Random sampling

Based on Tainan City residential telephone number table, a simple random sampling was used to investigate. In addition, in order to make the people, whose telephone number did not list in the telephone table, have the same extraction probability, random sampling was performed using random digit dialing (RDD). The survey completed 300 valid samples with a sampling error of less than 5.66% at 95% confidence limits. In this study, sampling error was obtained from the following formula.

$SE=Z_{1-\alpha }\sqrt{\frac{p\times q}{n}\times \frac{N-n}{N-1}}=1.96\times \sqrt{\frac{0.5\times 0.5}{300}\times \frac{1535580-300}{1535580-1}}=5.66\%$

SE: Sampling error.

Z: Standard score. At the 95% confidence limits, the α value is 0.05 and the Z value is 1.96.

p: Proportion, or probability of “success” in the model.

q: Probability of “failure” in the model (p + q = 1, so q = 1 − p).

p × q: The maximum probability of success is obtained by assumed p × q = 0.5 × 0.5.

N: Population proportion. According to the population information of Tainan City household registration office, citizens population over 20 years old in Tainan City were 1,535,580 at the end of August 2005.

n: Sample size in this survey.

4) The outline of the survey:

a) People’s Satisfaction with the Fire Bureau’s Performance and Integrity.

People’s satisfaction with the Fire Bureau’s rescue performance in the “0206” earthquake. (Q1)

People’s satisfaction with at-scene treatment given by the EMTs of the Fire Bureau. (Q2)

People’s satisfaction with the management and allocation of rescue gear, equipment, and donations. (Q3)

People’s satisfaction with the transparency of the information regarding the “0206” earthquake released by the Fire Bureau. (Q4)

People’s satisfaction with the moral character of the Fire Bureau’s firefighters. (Q5)

b) People’s Satisfaction with Rescue Performance of Firefighters, Volunteer Firefighters, and Civil Rescue Groups.

If people know that firefighters, volunteer firefighters, and civil rescue groups all partook in the rescue mission of the “0206” earthquake. (Q6)

People’s satisfaction with the rescue performance by firefighters. (Q7)

People’s satisfaction with volunteer firefighters’ rescue performance. (Q8)

People’s satisfaction with the rescue performance by civil rescue groups. (Q9)

People’s comments on the extent to which firefighters, volunteers, and civil rescue groups co-operated. (Q10)

The extent to which people approve of the importance of volunteer firefighters in the disaster response system. (Q11)

Suggestions to the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau. (Q12)

c) Information of the Respondents.

Gender/Age/Education/Occupation

5) The Analysis of the Statistics

a) Representative sample test

In order to understand whether the sample distribution is consistent with the distribution of the population and ensure the validity of the inference, the chi-square fitness test is used to proceed with representative sample test on the sample data group and the population group.

b) Frequency analysis

Through the distribution of each item in the population of the questionnaires, the overall frequency analysis of the subject was carried out. From the frequency and percentage of the data presented, the views of the respondents on the subject of the questionnaire and the overall profile of the relevant views can be understood.

c) Cross analysis

The results of each item and the basic information are evaluated for cross-analysis and the chi-square test. By selecting important segmentation variables, the variables with analytic significance are cross-analyzed. The data presented by the percentage after cross analysis can clearly show the difference between the segmentation variables and the variables.

Meanwhile, the results can be used to examine different types of respondents, whether there are significant differences in the views of various issues.

d) Decimal point carrying

The principle of rounding is used in terms of data presentation and the percentage adopts the first decimal place to show data results. Due to rounding off is used to assess the results, total percentages in part of items show more or less than 100% and are reasonable results.

e) Sample structure analysis

In order to make the survey results can be inferred as the opinions of the 20 years-older public in Tainan City, the sample data is weighted according to the gender and age structure of 20 years-older population in Tainan city. Moreover, in order to understand whether the weighting of effective samples is consistent with the population structure, two basic variables, gender and age, are used to proceed with representative sample test and the results are shown as Tables 1(a)-(c), respectively. The results show that there is no difference between the

weighted sample and the population. The results of this survey can be reasonably inferred to the population and can get academic support.

f) Sample structure

In the case of statistical analysis of single-choice questions, in addition to the frequency analysis, the respondents’ basic information is used as the independent variable, and the chi-square test is used for cross analysis as well.

2.3. Rescue and Honesty Satisfaction Analysis

1) In this survey, it had dialed 2602 phone calls and completed 300 valid questionnaires in which the useful interview rate is 30.5%. The detailed contact records are shown in Table 2.

2) The survey consists of 16 parts. Four of which are basic information of the respondents, and the rest of which are comments and suggestions of the respondents to the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau. Of the 12 parts, one of them is an open ended question, and the rest are multiple choice questions. The figures of percentage in frequency analysis are rounded to the nearest tenth. The sums in some parts may be over or under 100%, which is normal as a result of rounding.

a) People’s satisfaction with the progress of rescue mission in the “0206” earthquake.

The survey shows that 93.2% of the respondents are satisfied with the progress of rescue mission conducted by the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau. Of which includes “very satisfied” (28.1%) and “satisfied” (65.1%). The dissatisfaction rate is 3.9%, of which includes “very dissatisfied” (0.5%) and “dissatisfied” (3.4%). The reasons of their dissatisfaction are listed in Table 3(a). In addition, 1.8% of the respondents answer “average/acceptable”, and 1.1% of them answer “I don’t know/no opinion”.

b) People’s opinions on EMTs’ medical treatment at the disaster zone.

According to the analysis, 96.6% of the respondents are satisfied with the medical treatment given by the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau. Of which includes “very satisfied” (27.1%) and “satisfied” (69.5%). The dissatisfaction rate accounts for 2.5%, which includes “very dissatisfied” (0.5%) and “dissatisfied” (1.9%). The reasons of their dissatisfaction are listed in Table 3(b). Besides, 0.5% of the respondents answer “average/acceptable”, and 0.5% of them answer “I don’t know/no opinion”.

Useful interview rate: Useful interview times/useful contact times = I/(I + R + O).

c) People’s opinions on the management and allocation of rescue gear, equipment, and donation.

The survey shows that 82.3% of the respondents are satisfied with the management and allocation of rescue gear, equipment, and donation handled by the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau. Of which includes “very satisfied” (14.5%) and “satisfied” (67.8%). The dissatisfaction rate is 10.6%, which includes “very dissatisfied” (0.9%) and “dissatisfied” (9.7%). Their reasons of dissatisfaction are listed in Table 3(c). Besides, 2.7% of the respondents answer “average/acceptable”, and 4.4% answer “I don’t know/no opinion”.

d) The transparency of information regarding the “0206” earthquake released by the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau.

The survey shows that 82.1% of the respondents are satisfied with the transparency of information regarding the “0206” earthquake released by the Fire Bureau. Those who answer intransparent accounts for 13.3%, and 4.6% of respondents answer “I don’t know/no opinion”.

e) People’s opinions on firefighters’ integrity.

According to the survey, 98.2% of the respondents think they have good moral character (honesty). Of which includes “very good” (34.1%), and “good” (64.1%). Besides, 0.2% of the respondents answer “bad”, and 1.6% of them answer “average/acceptable”. The survey shows that most citizens think the firefighters in Tainan City Government Fire Bureau have good integrity.

f) People’s opinions on the degree to which firefighters, volunteer firefighters, and civil rescue groups cooperated.

The survey shows that 89.3% of the respondents are satisfied with the degree to which firefighters, volunteer firefighters, and civil rescue groups cooperated. Of which includes “very satisfied” (22.8%), and “satisfied” (66.5%). The percentage of “dissatisfied” is 8.8%, and the reasons are listed in Table 3(d). Besides, 0.8% of the respondents answer “average/acceptable”, and 1.1% of them answer “I don’t know/no opinion”.

g) Comments and suggestions to the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau.

Of all the respondents, 70 of them provide us with their suggestions. Table 3(e) is a compilation of their suggestions.

3. Conclusions and Recommendations

From the survey results, the satisfaction rate of rescue effort made by the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau was 93.2%; the satisfaction rate of emergency medical treatment of emergency medical technicians in the disaster scene was 96.6%; and the satisfaction rate of disaster rescue equipments and donated supplies management and distribution was 82.3%. Furthermore, in terms of honesty and efficiency, the satisfaction rate of the earthquake disaster information openness of Tainan City Government Fire Bureau was 82.1%, and 98.1% respondents were satisfied with the moral integrity and honesty of the fire fighters.

In terms of disaster relief workers, 91.4% (of the) respondents were aware of the contribution made by official fire fighters. 97.6% (of the) respondents indicated that they were satisfied with rescue efforts of “volunteer fire fighters” in the 0206 earthquake. 94.1% (of the) respondents indicated that they were satisfied with rescue efforts made by “civil rescue associations” in the 0206 earthquake, 89.3% (of the) respondents expressed satisfaction with the overall coordination of official fire fighters, volunteer fire fighters and civil rescue associations in the 0206 earthquake, and 96.0% (of the) respondents agreed that volunteer fire fighters are the important part of the disaster rescue system. Based on the survey results of respondents, recommendations are obtained as following:

1) To keep high degree of disaster rescue satisfaction in the future, it is required to strengthen supplies management.

As items Q1 to Q3 presented, the public were highly satisfied with rescue efforts made by Tainan City Government Fire Bureau in the 0206 earthquake. However, as Q3 indicated, more than 10.6 % (of the) respondents were dissatisfied with disaster rescue equipments, donated supplies management and distribution of Tainan City Government Fire Bureau during the rescue period. Therefore, it is recommended that the Tainan City Government Fire Bureau can set up one stop service of rescue supplies and set up a direct line, which are in charge of comprehensive coordination and deployment for all donated supplies donated by the public.

Furthermore, the information of supplies distribution standards should be open to the public, which allows people in need to access and assess what efforts the government has made.

2) It is still necessary to enhance the transparency of the rescue information openness.

Through the Q4 and Q5, it is known that the respondents had high satisfaction with the transparency of disaster information openness and the moral integrity of the fire. Nonetheless, there were still some respondents who felt the information during the rescue period was not open and transparent enough. Hence, the information of supplies distribution standards and how the rescue effort was made should be open to the public, which allows people in need to access and assess what efforts the government has made.

3) It is crucial to bolster the overall coordination during the rescue period in the future.

As Q10 suggested, some respondents were unsatisfied with the poor integration and coordination of mutual support between the official fire fighters, volunteer fire fighters and civil rescue associations. Therefore, it is recommended that Tainan City Government Fire Bureau can strengthen the coordination and cooperation by regularly holding trainings aimed to respond to large-scale disaster where official fire fighters, volunteer fire fighters and civil rescue associations have the opportunity to cooperate to deal with various kinds of challenges, thereby allowing the maximum efficiency of the staff and vehicles at the real disaster rescue scene.

This research, through a questionnaire survey, explores the civic satisfaction on 0206 earthquake disaster rescue, which can be used to shape the future trend of how to promote the marketing strategy of Tainan city and.

Cite this paper

Chiu, Y.-M. and Liu, C.-C. (2018) The Application of Satisfaction Survey of Rescue during 0206 Earthquake in the Promotion of Tainan City Marketing Strategies. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 6, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.4236/jpee.2018.63001

References