This study aims to adapt the CSAI-2 in the French version (EEAC), among 156 Tunisian athlete boys and girls one hour before competition. Therefore, our purpose is to refine the factorial analysis and get a shorter but stronger structure of the EECA version. Our study proposes a new Tunisian version of 13 items with (α = 0.85) instead of the first twenty three French version.
Subject practicing semi professional or professional sport activity or those playing regular competitions are exposed frequently to the competitive stress causing different mood states and shooting behavioral troubles among athletes. Therefore, willing to explore the impact of the competitive stress on the state of humor and because of the lack of adapted scales in Tunisian library, we try to verify a very famous instrument, the French version of CSAI-2 (the EEAC; Cury, F., Sarrazin, P., Pérès, C., and Famose, J.P, 1999) by realizing this study [
In fact, Marten’s et al. (1990) [
There are an English version CSAI-2R (Cox et al., 2003) [
The purpose of this study is an adaptation of a French version of the rating scale of competitive anxiety (EECA).
To achieve this, we selected 156 athletes from practicing all the various types of sports; team and individual all young athletes’ schoolchildren. (Age: 18.66 ± 2.87 years) and licensed in their specialty (see
Male | Female | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Sample size | 109 | 47 | 156 |
Age | 18.59 (2.26) | 18.81 (3.90) | 18.66 (2.87) |
Level of instruction | 12.53 (2.72) | 12.98 (3.65) | 12.76 (2.80) |
The linguistic validation method of the instrument includes the steps proposed by Vallerand (1989). The first concerns the development of a preliminary version which consists of a type evaluation committee, and an assessment of the clarity of items pretest on the target population. The second step involves assessing the accuracy and validity of the instrument consists of factor analysis known as “exploratory” and a search for internal consistency. We translated the scale into Arabic, simple-translation and reverse (forward/backward translation) then applied concurrent assessments and analyzed the content and reliability and construct validity by investigating the factor structure to assess, in the end, consistency internally.
To attend the meaning of interaction between the different variables and the significance of the eventual rela-
tions we used the statistica 8 [
The exploratory analysis aims to formulate a first version of the instrument from the responses of a sample of athletes. Only items whose loadings are above (0.45) and only factors with Eigen values greater than 1 were retained.
Factor structures features are represented and then subjected to analysis of internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for judging the homogeneity of the subscales comprising the two questionnaires. The index ranges from 0 to 1. Consistency is considered acceptable when the alpha is between 0.60 and 0.90.
Male n = 109 | Female n = 47 | Total N = 156 | |
---|---|---|---|
Cognitive Anxiety | 17.19 (3.67) | 16.38 (6.07) | 16.95 (4.40) |
Somatic Anxiety | 22.62 (3.96) | 19.80 (7.13) | 21.88 ((5.09) |
Self confidence | 16.45 (4.45) | 15.33 (6.96) | 16.16 (5.20) |
Total | 56.27 (9.44) | 51.52 (18.21) | 55.02 (6.50) |
Factor | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIMENSION | ||||||
COGNITIVEANXIETY | ||||||
3 6 9 12 15 18 20 | 0.64 0.68 0.77 0.72 0.70 0.80 | −0.75 −0.70 0.70 | 0.65 | |||
SOMATIC ANXIETY | ||||||
1 4 7 10 13 16 22 | −0.75 | 0.72 0.66 0.55 | 0.78 0.49 0.46 | |||
SELF CONFIDENCE | ||||||
2 5 8 11 14 17 19 21 23 | −0.55 −0.60 | .60 |
Predictor | R | R2 Change | B | SE B | β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | 0258 | 0.029* | |||
Cognitive Anxiety | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.125 | ||
Somatic Anxiety | 0.025 | 0.011 | −0.291* | ||
Self Confidence | −0.004* | 0.013 | 0.056 |
Note N = 156, *p < 0.05, R = simple regression, R2 = adjusted regression, SE B = Standard Estimation of B.
N | Mean | SD | α Crombach | α Standerdized | Other quest |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
156 | 57.17 | 5.99 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 0.05 |
N = sample size, SD = standard deviation.
French Version of Csai-2 | Tunisian Version of Csai-2 | |
---|---|---|
Cognitive Anxiety | 3-6-9-12-5-18-20 | 6-9-12-15-18-20 |
Somatic Anxiety | 1-4-7-10-13 inversed-16-22 | 1-4-7-10-16-22 |
Self-Esteem | 2-5-8-11-14-17-19-21-23 | 2-5-8-11-14-19+13 |
deviation 9.44. Females obtain a mean 51.52 and standard deviation of 18.21. However total score is 55.02 with a standard deviation 6.50.
Factorial analysis performed on data collected after the award with 156 athlete boys and girls practitioners of different sports: Team, individual and combat (contact), in pre-competitive situation is thirty minutes to an hour before the competition has led us to identify six factors (
Moreover, regression summary, as shows (
So, for simple regression analysis of the first dimension, cognitive anxiety examination of the coefficients indicate (B = 0.012, SE = 0.017, β = 0.125, p = 0.66).
Concerning the somatic anxiety, simple regression analysis examination of the coefficients indicate (B= −0.025, SE = 0.011, β = −0.291, p = 0.034).
In the last dimension self confidence (B = −0.004, SE = 0.013, β = 0.056, p = −0.05).
The objective of our study is to develop a Tunisian version of the factorial validity of the (23 items) French version of CSAI-2. The purpose is to be as objective as possible assessing emotional and mood competitive dimen- sions trying the best to determine their Tunisian cultural specificities. Results are as following, look
Lane [
The study confirms the psychometric properties of the CSAI-2R [
In conclusion, it is an opportunity for future scientific studies to light on this aspect improving the conditions of such assessments in very special competitive circumstances, characterized by the rapid changes.